Transfusion-transmitted HTLV-I/II infection in patients undergoing open-heart surgery

Abstract

Sera from 5,244 blood donations collected between 1979 and 1987 were screened for antibody to HTLV-I with an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) whose result was confirmed with a two-step procedure including Western blot (WB) and radio immunoprecipitation. Of 20 repeatedly reactive samples, two were confirmed positive for HTLV-I infection. These blood units were transfused to patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Both recipients of the confirmed antiHTLV-I positive units were infected with HLTV-I as evidanced by antibody seroconversion. In contrast, six recipients of EIA positive. WB indeterminate blood and nine recipients WB negative blood were not infected with HTLV-I. These results confirm a low prevalence of HTLV-I infection in US blood donors, the capacity of infected units to transmit the virus to recipients, and the importance of an appropriate confirmatory assay. This is a US government work. There are no restrictions on its use.