Conservação e germinação in vitro de pólen de milho (Zea mays subsp. mays)

Abstract

The storage of pollen can be considered an important tool for maize breeding programs, allowing to preserve, under artificial conditions, the viability of male gametes and extend the possibilities of crossings regardless of flowering time of parental varieties. This study aimed to evaluate the culture media for in vitro germination of corn pollen and analyze storage conditions. To examine viability, six different culture media containing sucrose, boric acid, calcium chloride and agar were evaluated. For pollen preservation, two temperatures (4 °C and -20 °C) and two agents of pollen dehydration (silica gel and hydrated calcium chloride) were evaluated. The high values of pollen viability up to 30 days of storage indicate that dehydration in silica gel and storage at 4 °C preserve the viability of corn pollen. The culture medium that provided the highest germination rate in vitro was the composition of 0.7% agar, 17% sucrose, 0.01% boric acid and 0.03% calcium chloride hydrate.