First-step anodization of commercial aluminium in oxalic acid: Role of anodization voltage in tailoring the structural features of porous alumina film and aluminium substrate

Abstract

Commercially pure Al specimens were anodized in 0.3 M oxalic acid at 0 ° C for 15 min using five different anodization voltages in the range 10 - 50 V. Current versus time transient plots for each anodization voltage were recorded via computer interfaced multimeter. Current density, amount of charge transferred, and thickness of anodized film were found to increase linearly with the increase in anodization voltage. Scanning electron microscope studies of the first - step anodized nanoporous alumina films show that the pore diameter, interpore distance and porosity increase linearly with the increase in anodization voltage. On the contrary, the pore circularity and pore density decrease linearly with the increase in anodization voltage. XRD studies of the un-anodized and anodized Al specimens show that the peak intensity of (111), (200), and (311) planes decreases with the increase in anodization voltage whereas reverse is true for the preferentially oriented (220) plane. The nature of lattice strain is compressive (-) for the anodization voltages 20 and 50 V, as is also the case with un-anodized Al specimen, and tensile (+) for 10, 30, and 40 V.