Urban Heat Island Mitigation Strategy based on Local Climate Zone Classification using Landsat 8 satellite imagery

Abstract

Appropriate strategies on urban climate mitigation should be formulated by considering the physical morphology of the urban landscape. This study aimed to investigate, analyze, and promote possible strategies to mitigate Jakarta's urban heat island (UHI) phenomena. Jakarta's local climate zone (LCZ) was classified into 17 classes using Landsat 8 data and the random forest method. Land surface temperature (LST) characteristic in each LCZ class was analyzed from 2018, 2019 and 2020. The result revealed that most of the local climate zone in Jakarta is dominated by LCZ 6 (open low-rise) and LCZ 3 (compact low-rise), which is the typical residential area in Jakarta. However, the mean LST in 2018, 2019 and 2020 showed that LCZ 3 (compact low-rise) and LCZ 7 (lightweight low-rise) are the areas that were most likely causing high surface temperature with the highest UHI intensity. During the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, LST in Jakarta decreased drastically in some parts of the area, especially in public facility such as airport. However, the LST value in low-rise areas (LCZ 3 and LCZ 7) remains higher than the other LCZ classes. Materials of the building and land cover play a significant role in raising the land surface temperature. Therefore, mitigation strategies for urban heat islands in Jakarta should be focused on such particular areas mentioned.