Dietary modifications for acne and rosacea

Abstract

There is a great interest in dietary modifications for both acne and rosacea. The pendulum has swung throughout history, with a recent resurgence in clinical research and evidence pointing toward nutritional implications and effect on both acne and rosacea. High-glycemic load foods and dairy products have been shown to be associated with acne and have the best evidence for recommendation for avoidance. Genetics may also increase susceptibility to diet-associated acne breakouts. In addition, studies show omega-3 fatty acids, plant polyphenols, and phytoestrogens potentially play a protective role in acne formation. Rosacea has long been associated with dietary triggers as well. The list of dietary triggers is extensive and diverse, and rosacea patients may have difficulty sifting through all the conflicting nutritional information available. Dietary triggers for rosacea flares are often very individualized, and a food diary is recommended for patients to identify personal triggers. Potential rosacea triggers include alcohol, hot food/drinks, spicy foods, histamine, niacin, and cinnamaldehyde-containing foods. For both acne and rosacea, a whole foods diet with focus on plants (other than those known to trigger rosacea) and fiber, with minimal processed foods, is recommended.