Retention and survival optimization of juvenile green mussel (Perna viridis) by using substrate from different seaweed extracts

Abstract

The low retention of juvenile of green mussels (Perna viridis) in the aquaculture holding system has become a constraint for its production. The declining number of juvenile mussel on the collector rope might be caused due to both limited spawning season and their secondary settlement behaviour. Therefore, providing suitable substrate which able to improve green mussel seed retention is required. One of the solutions is by applying inducer mediating settlement as substrate enrichment in order to optimize the retention of juvenile P. viridis. The potential substrates thought to have these inductive activities is seaweed. Seaweed bioactive compound which may improve juvenile mussel retention is terpenoid. Six seaweed extracts used in the current study and the terpenoid of these six macroalgae species were tested. Qualitatively all six seaweed showed a positive result on the terpenoid compound. The retention and survival of juvenile green mussel were observed by using 20 conical tanks with a complete randomized design experiment. Each of the seaweed species tested separately comparing with three other experimental treatments under 24 h observation time, A (rope), B (rope + Phytagel™), C (rope + Phytagel™ l+ solvent), and D (rope + Phytagel™ + seaweed extract), made four experimental treatments with 5 replications. The result indicated a variation pattern on the retention of juvenile mussels according to the experimental substrate. The juvenile mussels were preferably settled on enriched substrate of G. latifolium and S. polycystum extracts (p<0.05). Adding seaweed extracts on the substrate did not affect the mussels survival (p>0.05).