Evaluation of a Problem-Solving Program on Developmental Disorders: A Qualitative Appraisal

Abstract

Background In Japan, effective educational methods to promote understanding of developmental disorders (DD) among young people have not been established, something that is necessary for an inclusive society. Aims This paper aimed to identify both the positive aspects and areas for improvement in a problem-solving program for middle and high school students on the topic of DD called inochi Gakusei Innovators Program (i-GIP). The study also sought to determine the changes in attitudes toward DD that occurred as a result of participating in the program. Method Semi-structured interviews were conducted online, with middle and high school students who participated in i-GIP, university students who helped manage the program, and cooperators with DD or their families. Inductive thematic analysis was conducted, and codes and themes were identified. Results Positive aspects of i-GIP included its project-based learning approach, raising awareness and understanding of developmental disorders, and the proactive attitude of the students. Areas for improvement in the program were identified, including program administration and addressing challenges related specifically to DD. Changes in attitudes and behavior toward DD were reported, along with improvements in interpersonal relationships. Conclusions and implications This study suggests that incorporating a project-based approach can be a useful manner to learn about DD among young people.