In silico anticancer activity and in vitro antioxidant of flavonoids in plectranthus amboinicus

Abstract

Background: Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng is a plant that has a high flavonoid content. The leaves of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng contain many flavonoids Chrysoeriol, Cirsimaritin, Eriodictyol, Luteolin, Rutin, Salvigenin, Thymoquinone, Quercetin, Apigenin, and 5-O-Methyl-Luteolin. Objectives: To determine the antioxidant activity and anticancer activity of flavonoid compounds contained in Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng. Methods: Anticancer activity testing was carried out by in silico against several cancer receptors and antioxidant activity testing was carried out by in vitro using the 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picryhydrazil method. The results showed that the flavonoid compounds contained in Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng have similar anticancer activity to the reference molecule at the P-Glycoprotein-1, Cyclin Dependent Kinase-2, and Phosphoinositide-3-Kinase receptors, as well as better anticancer activity than the reference molecule for the Cyclooxygenase-2 and Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase receptors. Results: The antioxidant activity of the extract gave an Inhibitory Concentration 50% value of 9.77 µg/mL, the flavonoid compounds contained in Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng gave an Inhibitory Concentration 50% value that lower than the extract, which ranged from 6.92 µg/mL to 8.50 µg/mL. Flavonoids in Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng anticancer activity by in silico molecular docking and antioxidant activity by in vitro 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picryhydrazil method. Conclusions: All the flavonoid compounds contained in the ethanolic extract of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng leaves exhibit very strong anti-cancer and antioxidant activity, which results in ethanolic extract of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng leaves have very strong antioxidant activity.