TENS effects on dysesthesia and quality of life after breast cancer surgery with axilectomy: randomized controlled trial

  • Mendonça A
  • Rett M
  • Garcez P
  • et al.
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Abstract

Abstract Introduction: After breast cancer surgery, many women may present quality of life (QOL) impairment due to the presence of discomfort as dysesthesia in the anterolateral region of the chest, armpit and/or medial part of the arm caused by intercostobrachial nerve injury (ICBN). Objective: To investigate the effects of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) on dysesthesia intensity at the intercostobrachial nerve (ICBN) dermatome and QOL in women after breast cancer surgery. Methods: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo controlled clinical trial was conducted. Women undergoing axillary lymphadenectomy (AL), with dysesthesia on ICBN dermatome were included. Patients were divided into active and placebo TENS groups. TENS was applied with a frequency of 100 Hz, pulse duration of 100 µs and amplitude at the highest sensory intensity tolerable for 20 minutes during 20 sessions, three times a week, on alternating days. In the placebo TENS group, electrical current was delivered only during the first 45 seconds of application. Skin sensitivity was assessed by esthesiometry. Dysesthesia intensity was assessed with a visual analogue scale (VAS) and QOL with the EORTC QLQ-C30 and the specific EORTC QLQ-BR23 which is the Breast Cancer Module. Results: VAS decreased significantly over the 20 sessions in the active TENS group (p<0.006) and no difference was found between groups. There weren’t significant differences in EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-BR23 after 20 sessions or between groups. Conclusion: TENS decreased dysesthesia intensity in the ICBN dermatome after breast cancer surgery, but did not improve quality of life.Resumo Introdução: Após cirurgia para câncer de mama, muitas mulheres podem apresentar prejuízo na qualidade de vida (QV) pela presença do desconforto como disestesia na região anterolateral do tórax, axila e/ou parte medial do braço, causada pela lesão do nervo intercostobraquial (NICB). Objetivo: Investigar os efeitos da Estimulação Elétrica Nervosa Transcutânea (TENS) na intensidade da disestesia no dermátomo do NICB e na QV após cirurgia de câncer de mama. Métodos: Ensaio clínico, controlado, randomizado, duplo-cego. Mulheres submetidas à linfadenectomia axilar (LA), com disestesia no dermátomo do NICB foram distribuídas em: TENS placebo e TENS ativo (um par de eletrodos autoadesivos) no trajeto do NICB, frequência de 100 Hz, duração de pulso de 100 µs, e amplitude no limiar sensorial máximo tolerado pela paciente, por 20 minutos, durante 20 sessões, três vezes na semana. A sensibilidade da pele foi avaliada através da estesiometria e foi considerada disestesia a partir do terceiro monofilamento (2,48 g). A intensidade da disestesia foi avaliada através da Escala Visual Analógica (EVA) e a QV com o EORTC QLQ-C30 e o EORTC QLQ-BR23. Resultados: A intensidade da disestesia diminuiu significativamente ao longo das 20 sessões no grupo TENS ativa (p<0,006), mas não houve diferença entre os grupos. Não houve diferenças significativas na QV após as 20 sessões entre os grupos. Conclusão: A TENS foi capaz de diminuir a intensidade da disestesia no dermátomo do NICB, mas não melhorou a qualidade de vida.

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Mendonça, A. C. R., Rett, M. T., Garcez, P. de A., Aquino, M. J. das V., Lima, L. V., & DeSantana, J. M. (2017). TENS effects on dysesthesia and quality of life after breast cancer surgery with axilectomy: randomized controlled trial. Fisioterapia Em Movimento, 30(suppl 1), 285–295. https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5918.030.s01.ao28

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