Las úlceras por presión en gerontología: prevalencia y variables definitorias de las lesiones y pacientes

Abstract

The prevalence of pressure sores in institutionalized elderly is a worrisome topic developing Nursing Care Plans. Bedsores are the result of a set of factors: prolonged bed rest, reduced mobility, malnutrition, physiological disorders, incontinence and so on.The purpose of this study is to determine and specify patients characteristics with pressure ulcers, as well as some aspects related to strategies and current practices in order to prevent this disease in nursing home. I have developed an observational, descriptive retrospective prevalence. The data was collected during one-year period (September 2012- September 2013). To calculate the epidemiology of pressure ulcers, it will be used classification guidelines and epidemiological indicators recommended by GNEAUPP. According to the study design, various descriptive statistics will be used: Frequency values, measures of central tendency and dispersion, as well as contingency tables. A sample of 191 patients was studied, of whom 56 were men and 135 women, with a mean age of 83 years and a standard deviation of 14.23. The prevalence of having pressure ulcers was studied, it was checked with different predisposing factors and its behaviour was studied with preventive measures. Is important to perform periodically systematic studies of prevalence in order to know its real importance at all levels and to address effective and efficient treatment policies and prevention.