The value of platelet-rich plasma-derived extracellular vesicles in modern medicine

Abstract

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been widely used in clinical practice. The mechanism by which PRP promotes tissue repair lies in the release of multiple growth factors upon platelet activation, which accelerates the proliferation and differentiation of repair cells and the synthesis of extracellular matrix. In recent years, as extracellular vesicles (EVs) research has increased and intensified, it has been found that EVs also play an important role in tissue repair. This article provides a comprehensive review of the role of PRP and PRP-derived extracellular vesicles (PRP-EVs) in tissue repair. It discusses the biological characteristics, extraction, identification, activation, and preservation of PRP-EVs. It also reviews their applications in orthopedics and wound repair. The article highlights the importance of PRP-EVs in modern medicine and suggests that they could be a promising natural nanocarrier.