P53 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the 6th most common cancer worldwide and has a mortality rate of 50% despite surgery. The major risk factors associated with HNSCC are smoking, alcohol, and human papillomavirus (HPV). p53, a transcriptional factor, is the most commonly mutated protein in HNSCC and plays an important and early role in tumorigenesis. The chapter highlights the story of p53 in the progression and management of HNSCC. In particular, we address p53’s mutational landscape and its resultant phenotypic outcomes. In addition, p53 as a prognostic biomarker and predictive biomarker for clinical outcome is addressed. Finally, we discuss p53 as a druggable target in HNSCC patients. This chapter aims to expand the understanding of the role of p53 in HNSCC in order to improve management of HNSCC patients by providing them with a personalized and customizable treatment plan.