Potential Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic Curcuma longa L. Rhizome Extract Against Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria

Abstract

Background and Objective: Curcuma longa L. rhizomes are the source of many bioactive compounds such as antitumor, antidepressant, antibacterial, anti-aging and antidiabetic. Due to the growing problem of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, it is necessary to find new sources of antibiotics. This research aimed to investigate the antibacterial activity of ethanolic Curcuma longa L. rhizomes extract against Proteus mirabilis, Acinetobacter baumannii and Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (MDR-K). Materials and Methods: Dry Curcuma longa L. rhizomes were extracted with ethanol. The agar diffusion method was used as the primary screening of antibacterial activity determination. The broth dilution method was used to measure the MIC and MIC of the extract. Results: It presented the largest diameter of the inhibition zone at 0.9 mm against Proteus mirabilis, followed by 0.8 mm against MDR-K. The lowest MIC and MBC values were at 0.048 and 0.39 mg mL-1 against Proteus mirabilis, followed by 0.195 and 6.25 mg mL-1 against MDR-K. The ethanolic Curcuma longa L. rhizomes extract did not affect Acinetobacter baumannii. Conclusion: The new finding of this research was that the ethanolic extract from Curcuma longa L. rhizomes can eliminate Proteus mirabilis and MDR-K that can be applied to treating antibiotic-resistant bacterial infectious diseases in the hospital.