Imaging Modalities for Uveal Melanoma

Abstract

Purpose: To review the spectrum of imaging modalities commonly used in clinical practice for the diagnosis and management of uveal melanoma. Materials and Methods: Review of literature. Results: Various forms of ophthalmic imaging are useful in the characterisation and treatment planning of uveal melanoma. These include digital photography, ultrasonography, angiography and optical coherence tomography. Digital photography is useful for documenting the clinical findings for future comparison and response to treatment. Ultrasonography provides information on tumour biometry, local extension and tumour composition (internal reflectivity). Angiography can be used to assess the degree of tumour vascularity. Newer forms of imaging, including optical coherence tomography (OCT), have excellent resolution and provide detail on surface features. Conclusion: The accuracy of clinical diagnosis of uveal melanoma exceeds 99 % when using currently available imaging modalities. There are advantages and disadvantages to each modality depending on tumour location, size, surface characteristics and internal structure. Ancillary techniques such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography may be useful in atypical lesions or in the surveillance for metastatic disease.