Combined motions of the shoulder joint complex for model-based simulation: Modeling of the shoulder rhythm (ShRm)

Abstract

The shoulder joint complex involves combined motions occurring simultaneously in the sternoclavicular, acromioclavicular, scapulothoracic and glenohumeral joints. The relationships between the displacements of the clavicle, scapula and humerus relative to the thorax have been previously widely studied in healthy subjects and have been reported as the shoulder rhythm (ShRm). This chapter describes multiple regression approaches for ShRm evaluation from shoulder kinematics obtained during in-vitro and in-vivo data collection. The obtained results can be used for ShRm modeling requiring physiologically acceptable joint behavior.