Mononeuropathies

Abstract

Mononeuropathies are an essential part of clinical neurology. Their clinical diagnosis depends on knowledge of anatomy, clinical syndromes, and common etiologies, depending on the nerve involved. In addition to electrophysiology, imaging-particularly MRI and ultrasound-is proving increasingly useful in the timely and proper diagnosis and treatment of mononeuropathies. Cartoons of anatomy, clinical images, and MR and ultrasound are helpful to demonstrate the clinical presentation and topographical relations. This chapter covers the individual nerves of the trunk and upper and lower extremities, discussing the most frequent mononeuropathies. In addition, the innervation of the shoulder, elbow, hip, and knee is discussed, as are lesions of sensory nerves. The final part covers a short overview of nerve tumors and lesions of peripheral nerves in cancer.