Micropropogation and phytochemical profile analysis of tissue culture grown Plantago ovata Forsk

Abstract

Objective: Plantago ovata is an important medicinal plant of the Himalayan region which is greatly used in herbal drugs manufacturing. The plant is multipurpose constrained in Himalayan regions. Plantago has many medicinal properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hematopoiesis effects, and used for the treatment of cancer. Plantago contains copious amount of mucilage that is able to treat diarrhea, constipation, and act as an effective weight loss aid. The plant being medicinal possesses complex phytochemicals. The investigation of various Plantago organs (leaves, stem, etc.) revealed their high potential to produce a wide array of bioactive secondary metabolites. In the present study, a new method of micropropagation through tissue culture was developed for Plantago so as to meet the future demand of plant. Further, a morphological and physiochemical comparison of tissue culture grown plant was done with in vivo grown plants. Methods: P. ovata was grown in vitro through tissue culture technique using Murashige and Skoog media and in vivo in the nursery area of Shoolini University. The tissue culture of P. ovata Forsk was managed to restrict the ecological factors. Experimentally, parameters including germination growth and phytochemical constituents of plant in vivo and in vitro conditions were observed. Results: The result revealed an easy method for the micropropagation of Plantago. However, changes in the concentration of phytochemical constituent’s in tissue culture grown Plantago were reported in comparison to in vivo grown plants. Phytochemicals constituents (carbohydrate, chlorophyll, saponin, and tannin) were reduced in tissue culture grown plant whereas some phytochemicals (phenol, alkaloid, Flavonoid, protein, and phytosterol) increased in tissue culture grown plant than in vivo plant. A reduction in morphological trait was found in tissue cultured plant. Conclusion: The developed tissue culture method for the micropropagation of P. ovata can be proved as a landmark to meet the industrial need in the near future.