Introduction

Abstract

The second chapter looks at the three generations of crossborder education in order to give some historical perspectives to understanding education hubs. The first generation focuses on people mobility - primarily students and professors. The second generation acknowledges that it is not just students who are moving to seek out foreign education and credentials, programs are now moving across borders. This includes twinning, franchise, double/joint degrees, and virtual/online programs. Provider mobility, in the form of branch campuses and binational universities, is also part of the second generation. A working definition of education hubs - the third generation - is provided and carefully analyzed in terms of the key concepts. The primary rationales driving education hubs are examined and categorized into five groups. A proposed typology of three education hub models - student, talent, and knowledge/innovation - ends the chapter and leads to the analytical framework discussed in Chap. 3.