How Can Education Be Islamic? Al-Attas and Al-Farūqī’s Frame works in Contemporary Debate

Abstract

This narrative historical review uncovered a body of literature from 1960-1975 which focused on teacher perceptions as a component of teacher effectiveness. A preponderance of research and writings from this period addressed the relationship between the self-concept and the effective pre-service and in-service teacher. The writer suggests a return to this literature in efforts to create solutions to literacy and achievement gaps in 21st century education. The theory of perceptual psychology has particular relevance for teacher education. According to proponents of perceptual psychology, the effective teacher isan important component in the teaching-learning process. The effective teacher is flexible, perceptive, open-minded and has perceptions of self and others which facilitate learning and the development of an adequate sense of self. A look back at this research is needed as educators move forward creating solutions to challenges in addressing the teaching and learning needs of the 21st century learner. Keywords: