Extração de nutrientes e produtividade de genótipos de milho afetados por níveis de palha

Abstract

In a clayey Red Latosol, located in Ponta Grossa - Paraná State, the nutrient uptake and yield of corn genotypes was evaluated, affected by levels of black oat crop residues in no-tillage. The experimental design was a randomized block design arranged in split-plot with three replications. The plot consisted of three levels of black oat crop residues maintained on the soil surface (without straw, 5.0 and 10.0 ton. ha -1), and the subplots comprised of 13 corn genotypes. The order of the gain on the total uptake of nutrients compared to 5.0 and 10.0 ton. ha -1 straw was K> P> N, with values of 30.4 and 47.1, 17.6 and 26.4, and 5.4 and 11.3%, respectively. The genotypes differed significantly for nutrient uptake and grain yield, due to the added amounts of black oat crop residue on soil surface in no-tillage system in the initial phase. The increase of crop residue amount on the soil surface did not affect the mean yield of the experiment. The increase in the amount of crop residue on the soil surface resulted in greater total uptake of N, P and K, but did not affect the total uptake of Ca, Mg and S by corn plants. The order in nutrient uptake by the genotypes because affected by crop residue addition was: K> P> N> S> Ca = Mg.