Quantum Sensors with Matter Waves for GW Observation

Abstract

Quantum sensors exploiting matter waves interferometry promise the realization of a new generation of gravitational wave detectors. The intrinsic stability of specific atomic energy levels makes atom interferometers and clocks ideal candidates to extend the frequency window for the observation of gravitational waves in the mid-frequency band, ranging from 10 mHz to 10 Hz. We present the geometry and functioning of this new class of ground and space detectors and detail their main noise sources. We describe the different projects undertaken worldwide to realize large-scale demonstrators and push further the current limitations. We finally give the roadmap for achieving the instrumental sensitivity required to seize the scientific opportunities offered by this new research domain.