Parte II. Enfermedad de Chagas en el adulto, la infancia y adolescencia

Abstract

The different stages of Chagas disease in adults: acute, undetermined or latent and chronic phases are described. This document contains guidelines for etiological diagnosis of Chagas disease and its treatment. In chronic phase, as cardiac and digestive system (esophagus and colon) are affected, symptoms and signs, evolution of the disease, laboratory analysis and treatment are described. The following topics in congenital Chagas disease are boarded: its prevalence in pregnant women, the importance of mother phase of disease, repercussions of the parasite transmission to the fetus, the frequency of transmission, how the infection to the fetus is produced, the importance of chronic infection in consecutive pregnancies, and clinical consequences to the newborn infant including symptoms of congenital disease. Concomitance with human immunodeficiency virus is commented. No vertically transmitted Chagas disease in infancy and adolescents has similar clinical manifestations as in adults. Direct and indirect laboratory tests of infection are described and an algorithm for diagnosis and follow up of vertical transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi is presented.