A rare complication of pulmonary tuberculosis in childhood: Rasmussen’s aneurysm in a 9-year-old child with Down syndrome

Abstract

Background. As an extremely rare entity reported in children, Rasmussen’s aneurysm is an inflammatory pseudo-aneurysmal dilatation of a branch of the pulmonary artery adjacent to or within a tuberculous cavity. Case. Here, we reported a 9-year-old child with Down syndrome who presented with massive hemoptysis. Endovascular coil embolization was performed for Rasmussen’s aneurysm. During the 2-year follow-up period, she had no further episodes of bleeding. Conclusions. In case of the development of massive hemoptysis in the follow-up of a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis and Down syndrome, this lethal complication should be considered.