O cuidado espiritual realizado pela enfermagem na unidade de terapia intensiva

Abstract

BACKGROUND: This review seeks to answer how nursing has addressed spirituality in the care process in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), contributing to the understanding of the difficulties and factors that can improve the performance of these professionals in this ambivalent environment between patients' lives and deaths. AIM: Verify the existing studies in the literature on spiritual care provided by the nursing team in the ICU. METHODS: The integrative review method was used, and the searches performed between 2008 and 2018 in the databases Medline, Lilacs, Cinahl and the PubMed portal. The search keys were used with the descriptors Spirituality, Nursing, Team, Intensive Care Units, Systematization of Nursing Care and its variations in Spanish and Portuguese, using Boolean operators AND and/or OR. RESULTS: In the literature, 381 articles were found and, at the end of the process, four articles were included that presented the spiritual care provided by the ICU nursing team. Three categories that address the issue were listed: a) Nursing process and spiritual care; b) Spiritual well-being; c) Challenges in assisting spiritual care. CONCLUSIONS: Spirituality within the attention process has been reported in few studies and of fragmented way. It was important to take care of yourself to take care of others, as well as aspects related to the facing challenges. Nursing needs to have a broader vision of spiritual care, so that it can offer systematized care scientific basis.