Theory for Perfect Transmodal Fabry-Perot Interferometer

Abstract

We establish the theory for perfect transmodal Fabry-Perot interferometers that can convert longitudinal modes solely to transverse modes and vice versa, reaching up to 100% efficiency. Two exact conditions are derived for plane mechanical waves: simultaneous constructive interferences of each of two coupled orthogonal modes, and intermodal interference at the entrance and exit sides of the interferometer with specific skew polarizations. Because the multimodal interferences and specific skew motions require unique anisotropic interferometers, they are realized by metamaterials. The observed peak patterns by the transmodal interferometers are similar to those found in the single-mode Fabry-Perot resonance, but multimodality complicates the involved mechanics. We provide their design principle and experimented with a fabricated interferometer. This theory expands the classical Fabry-Perot resonance to the realm of mode-coupled waves, having profound impact on general wave manipulation. The transmodal interferometer could sever as a device to transfer wave energy freely between dissimilar modes.