Anatomia foliar de espécies de Myrtaceae: Contribuições à taxonomia e filogenia

Abstract

Taxonomical and phylogenetical studies have used anatomical information. In order to contribute to these studies, paradermal and cross sections of the median leaf blade portion of Campomanesia adamantium (Camb.) O. Berg, Myrcia cordiifolia DC., M. decrescens O. Berg and M. torta D.C. were examined. The anatomical characters were compared to the other species described in the literature. Some characteristics were irrespective of the four examined species: unistratified epidermis, unicellular trichomes, hypostomatic leaves, paracytic stomata, oil glands on both sides, dorsiventral mesophyll and bicollateral bundles on the midrib. The following characters appear to be taxonomically useful in the family: epidermal common cell format, presence of dibrachiate trichomes, presence of colorless subepidermal cell layers and midrib shape. The morphology and number of overlying cells associated with the glands have taxonomic utility. The 144 exsicates examination showed that the glabrescence is a widespread phenomenon in the Myrtaceae. The trichome fall can be due to its narrow base and to the foot cell absence. The characters were analyzed in the light of recent phylogenetic studies, highlighting the hypothesis related to the presence of epidermal cells with possible transfer cell function. The anatomical features provided data for wider comparative analysis amongst Myrtaceae taxa and ensured the construction of a cladogram, where Leptospermum and Eucalyptus species occupied the basal position, in line with reported phylogenies.