Daya Saing Ekspor Lada Indonesia di Pasar Amerika dan Eropa

Abstract

As a major producing country, Indonesia is one of the world's largest pepper exporters where America and some European Union countries have become the destinations of its exports. The purposes of this study are to analyze the performance of Indonesian pepper and the development of its exports and to analyze the competitiveness of Indonesian pepper exports in American and European markets, especially in the period 2004-2018. This research used descriptive analysis from the trade data period 2004-2018, to analyze the performance of Indonesian pepper. From the same data set, this study used competitiveness analysis with the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) method, Export Product Dynamics (EPD), and Trade Specialization Index (ISP). The results showed that the area of cropland and production of Indonesian pepper had decreased, the development of Indonesian pepper exports was also quite volatile. Based on the calculation of RCA, Indonesia has competitiveness or comparative advantage for exports to Germany, the Netherlands, France, Italy and Belgium. The EPD value showed Indonesia was in a Retreat position in the Netherlands, Germany and Belgium. While Indonesia is in the position of Rising Star in Italy, Falling Star in France, and Lost Opportunity in America. Finally, The ISP value showed that Indonesia has strong competitiveness as an exporter of whole pepper.