How to train neural networks

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to give a guidance in neural network modeling. Starting with the preprocessing of the data, we discuss different types of network architecture and show how these can be combined effectively. We analyze several cost functions to avoid unstable learning due to outliers and heteroscedasticity. The Observer - Observation Dilemma is solved by forcing the network to construct smooth approximation functions. Furthermore, we propose some pruning algorithms to optimize the network architecture. All these features and techniques are linked up to a complete and consistent training procedure (see figure 17.25 for an overview), such that the synergy of the methods is maximized. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012.