Obesidad, complicaciones del embarazo y salud femenina a largo plazo

Abstract

Weight gain, overweight and obesity are independent predictors of cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, non-insulin-dependent diabetes, and early mortality, particularly among women. Both maternal obesity and excessive gestational weight gain and postpartum weight retention affect fertility; increase the risk of obstetric complications. Attempts have been made to determine the adequate energy needs of pregnant women and thus promote an optimal weight before, during and after pregnancy and prevent the development of chronic diseases in women. As a modifiable risk factor, body weight can present critical moments to implement interventions to prevent the development of overweight and obesity. There are no established uniform rules that allow effective, safe and long-term weight reduction in pregnant women. The objective of this review was to analyze the findings that relate obesity to pregnancy complications and long-term female health.