The house mouse in biomedical research

Abstract

The house mice has become the primary rodent model in much of biomedical research because of its ability to adapt to a variety of environments. They are omnivorous, adapt to the environment with varied social structures, show considerable genetic variability, and share many similar physiological functions with humans. Recently the mouse has become the species of choice in transgenic studies because of the relative ease to transfer genes from other species, including humans. This chapter reviews the origins of the laboratory mouse, the use and care of the mouse, and its social structure and adaptability to different environments. Furthermore, it discusses the influence of pheromones on puberty onset, ovarian synchrony, and social communication. By making appropriate genetic selections and genetic manipulations, and providing an appropriate environment for the laboratory mouse, it will continue to serve the biomedical research community. © 2008 Humana Press Inc.