The Four Orientations to Education Framework

Abstract

The science historian Thomas Kuhn used the word ‘paradigm’ to refer to the set of practices that define a scientific discipline during a particular period of time, and over time began using the word ‘exemplar’ to discuss particular normative models of sciences. Kuhn defines a scientific paradigm as a widely recognised approach to science that, for a time, provides model problems and solutions for the research community . It is therefore a philosophy behind science approaches.