Literature review on canine parvoviral enteritis variants in Nigeria

Abstract

Canine Parvoviral Enteritis [CPE] is acute highly contagious and often fatal viral enteritis of domesticated and wild canidae [dogs, foxes coyotes]. Caused by three variants of a virulent single stranded naked DNA virus belonging to the family Parvoviridae designated Canine Parvovirus Type 2 [CPV-2]. This disease is transmitted to susceptible animals directly via inhalation of viral particles or by ingestion of food contaminated by infected feces excreted by sick puppy or indirectly through contact with contaminated formites by infected feces excreted by clinically sick animal. The virus has high tropism for rapidly dividing cells, it is similar genetically to Feline Panleucopenia Virus [FPV]. Infact it only differ from FPV by two amino acids in it viral capsids. It was first reported in 1978 in North America and it became pandemic within six months of it first official report has two major clinical manifestation