Intervenciones efectivas para aumentar la duración y la exclusividad de la lactancia materna: una revisión sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: Breastfeeding according to the recommendations of the World Health Organization, should be exclusive for at least the first 6 months of the nursling. Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of the strategies and interventions available in the current scientific literature, to increase the duration and exclusivity of breastfeeding during the first six months of the nursling. Method: A systematic review was carried out in the CINAHL, Medline and Clinical Key bibliography databases, using the search strategy "Mother-child relations" OR "Infant" OR "Newborn" AND "Lactation" AND "Breast feeding" OR "Breastfeeding duration" OR "Breastfeeding exclusive" OR "Interventions" AND "Best practices" OR "Evidence-based practice" OR "Evaluation of results of therapeutic interventions". Results: Of the 749 articles found, 22 were included in the analysis. The strategies identified to promote breastfeeding were divided into 3 categories according to their setting: those carried out in health systems, home or community settings, and multiple settings. Conclusion: The strategies and interventions that proved to be effective in increasing the duration and exclusivity of breastfeeding were the multicomponent interventions, the initiatives for training health professionals and the "Friendly Hospital" strategy.