Vitamin D status in preeclampsia

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this research was to estimate frequency of occurrence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in pregnant women with preeclampsia. Materials and methods: Cohort retrospective and prospective study. There were examined 99 pregnant women in reproductive age (mean age 29±2,1 years) at 30-38 weeks of pregnancy, from September 2013 to June 2014, who lived in Saint Petersburg and Leningrad region. In main group (N=48) there were pregnant with severe and moderate preeclampsia. In control group (N=51) there were pregnant with physiological pregnancy. At early gestation term all patients got multivitamin complex, which contained 400 IU of vitamin D. Estimation of blood serum level of 25-hydroxycalciferol (25-OH-D) was conducted with the use of electrochemiluminescent method on the analyzer Architect 2000. Results: There were analyzed 2 groups of pregnant. On the base of the conducted study there was determined a frequency of occurrence of vitamin D deficiency in main group-73%, in control group vitamin D deficiency was not found. Frequency of occurrence of vitamin D insufficiency in main group was 25%, in control group-14%. Frequency of normal level of vitamin D in main group was 2%, in control group-86%. Analyzed groups differ significantly P<0,0001. Conclusion: This research showed that pregnant women with the revealed insufficiency and deficiency of vitamin D refer to a group of risk to develop preeclampsia. In patients with preeclampsia low serum level of vitamin D occurs 2.5 times more often (less than 30 ng/ml). Received data demonstrate pathogenetic role of vitamin D in the development of hypertension in preeclampsia.