Efecto de las dietas bajas en carbohidratos sobre la pérdida de peso y hemoglobina glucosilada en personas con diabetes tipo 2: Revisión sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: some experts have suggested out that low carbohydrate diets (LCD) are more effective for weight loss and glycemic control. However, long term results are controversial. Objetive: to review and analyze randomized control studies that evaluate the effect of LCD on weight and metabolic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes for a period equal to or greater than 10 months. Methods: a systematic review was conducted on randomized trials registered in PubMed, EBSCOhost and Scielo to May 15th 2015, published in English and Spanish, with the following search data: “diabetes mellitus” AND “carbohydrate restricted diet” OR “restricted carbohydrate diet” OR “low carbohydrate diet” AND “weight loss”. Results: four studies met the inclusion criteria. There were 444 participants between 18-70yo. Follow-up time ranged between 10 to 24 months. Three out of the four studies reported weight reduction with LCD. However, when LCD were compared with other diets no significant differences in weight loss or A1C levels were observed. Conclusions: this review showed that three of four studies on the LCD were effective for weight loss over a period of 10 to 24 months. However, there was no evidence showing better results than those observed with other diets. Nor, difference in A1C.