Identification and High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Strawberry Anthocyanin Pigments (Factors Affecting Color Stability of Strawberry Jam During Storage Part I)

Abstract

Anthocyanin pigments in six strawberry (Fragaria X ananassa Duch.) cultivars including America, Chiyoda, Hoko-wase, Toyonoka, Tioga and Chandler, which were used as fruit material for jam processing, were isolated by cellulose thin-layer chromatography and identified by conventional chromatographic and spectrometric techniques. Then, individual anthocyanins were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using reversed C-18 column and detection at 520 nm. Six strawberry cultivars contained the same five anthocyanins as follows: cyanidin-3-monoglucoside (Cy-3G), pelargonidin-3-monogalactoside (P1-3Ga), pelargonidin-3-monoglucoside (P1-3G), cyanidin and pelargonidin in the elution order of HPLC. Anthocyanin content of cv. Chandler was the most abundant (29.60 mg/100 g fresh mass) while cv. America was the smallest amount of anthocyanin (6.50 mg) in the cultivars investigated. In distribution ratio of individual anthocyanin, P1-3Ga was 85% or above in all cultivars studied. Cv. America was characterized by relative high percentage of Cy-3Ga (12%) and cv. Chandler by PI-3G (9%). Whereas, cvs. Chiyoda Hoko-wase and Toyonoka were characterized by relatively similar amount and ratio of anthocyanin. © 1995, Japanese Society for Food Science and Technology. All rights reserved.