Latent structure of the proposed ICD-11 post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms: Implications for the diagnostic algorithm

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Abstract

Background The latent structure of the proposed ICD-11 post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms has not been explored. Aims To investigate the latent structure of the proposed ICD-11 PTSD symptoms. Method Confirmatory factor analyses using data from structured clinical interviews administered to injury patients (n = 613) 6 years post-trauma. Measures of disability and psychological quality of life (QoL) were also administered. Results Although the three-factor model implied by the ICD-11 diagnostic criteria fit the data well, a two-factor model provided equivalent, if not superior, fit. Whereas diagnostic criteria based on this two-factor model resulted in an increase in PTSD point prevalence (5.1% v. 3.4%; z = 2.32, P<0.05), they identified individuals with similar levels of disability (P = 0.933) and QoL (P = 0.591) to those identified by the ICD-11 criteria. Conclusions Consistent with theorised reciprocal relationships between re-experiencing and avoidance in PTSD, these findings support an alternative diagnostic algorithm requiring at least two of any of the four re-experiencing/avoidance symptoms and at least one of the two hyperarousal symptoms.

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Forbes, D., Lockwood, E., Creamer, M., Bryant, R. A., McFarlane, A. C., Silove, D., … O’Donnell, M. (2015). Latent structure of the proposed ICD-11 post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms: Implications for the diagnostic algorithm. British Journal of Psychiatry, 206(3), 245–251. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.114.150078

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