Results from a type two hybrid-effectiveness study to implement a preoperative anemia and iron deficiency screening, evaluation, and management pathway

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Abstract

Background: Implementation of pathways to screen surgical patients for preoperative anemia and iron deficiency remains limited. This study sought to measure the impact of a theoretically informed, bespoke change package on improving the uptake of a Preoperative Anemia and Iron Deficiency Screening, Evaluation, and Management Pathway. Study Design and Methods: Pre-post interventional study using a type two hybrid-effectiveness design evaluated implementation. Four hundred (400) patient medical record reviews provided the dataset (200 pre- and 200-post implementation). The primary outcome measure was compliance with the pathway. Secondary outcome measures (clinical outcomes) were anemia on day of surgery, exposure to a red blood cell (RBC) transfusion, and hospital length of stay. Validated surveys facilitated data collection of implementation measures. Propensity score-adjusted analyses determined the effect of the intervention on clinical outcomes, and a cost analysis determined the economic impact. Results: For the primary outcome, compliance improved significantly post-implementation (Odds Ratio 10.6 [95% CI 4.4–25.5] p

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Delaforce, A., Farmer, S., Duff, J., Munday, J., Miller, K., Glover, L., … Hurst, C. (2023). Results from a type two hybrid-effectiveness study to implement a preoperative anemia and iron deficiency screening, evaluation, and management pathway. Transfusion, 63(4), 724–736. https://doi.org/10.1111/trf.17287

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