Estudo retrospectivo de melanomas cutâneos e mucosos na população do estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil

Abstract

Introduction and objectives: Melanoma is a malignant neoplasm that occurs in the skin and mucosae. Overall, the incidence rate of cutaneous melanoma has increased in the last years. It was performed a retrospective analysis of cutaneous and mucosal melanomas diagnosed within a period of 30 years in one health care institution of Rio Grande do Norte, highlighting clinical features, approach and evolution of oral mucosal melanomas. Methods: Data as to age, race, gender, tumor topography and lesion involvement (metastatic or primary) were collected from clinical records. Results: A total of 397 cases of melanoma were diagnosed, 332 of them were cutaneous (83.6%) and 46 of them were mucosal (11.6%). The trunk was the most affected area (27.7%), followed by lower limbs (24.7%) and head/neck (18.9%). Within the mucosal melanomas, most cases were on head and neck (76.1%). By and large, 52.4% affected male individuals and 47.6% affected female patients. The mean age was 54.9. Among men it was more prevalent in the 7th and 8th decades of life, whereas among women it was more prevalent in the 5th and 6th decades of life. A total of 6 cases (1.5%) occurred in the oral mucosa, with more prevalence among female individuals over 55 years of age. Conclusions: The epidemiological profile of the analyzed cases of melanoma was similar to the few published epidemiological studies, although some data on gender and age in certain anatomical sites varied and the incidence of oral melanoma was much lower than that reported in most investigations.