The influence of seed ageing on the plant on seed germination in Protea neriifolia (Proteaceae)

Abstract

Protea neriifolia retains its seeds in the canopy in persistent, woody inflorescences. Percentage germination of seeds did not decline markedly with increasing seed age but germination rate decreased significantly. Seeds planted 3-5 mm below the surface of sand took longer to emerge and appeared less synchronously than seeds placed on the surface. Seedlings from seeds ≥3 yr old will experience a greater risk of mortality during germination and establishment because they take longer to emerge and start growing. Successful germination and seedling establishment in the field may require ≥4 wk of moist conditions, a condition which would generally restrict germination to the rainy season. -from Author