Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors as determinants of energy intake and macronutrient composition: a 10-year follow-up after bariatric surgery

Abstract

Background Early identification of the potential to adopt a long-term unhealthy diet, could improve weight outcomes for patients having undergone bariatric surgery. Objectives We explored whether presurgical sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics, together with the type of surgery, could predict 10-year changes in dietary intake after bariatric surgery. Setting Surgical departments and primary healthcare centers, nationwide. Methods Participants were from the Swedish Obese Subjects study, a matched (nonrandomized) prospective trial comparing bariatric surgery with standard care for obese patients. This study included the 1695 surgery patients with complete information on presurgery diet. Questionnaires were completed before and 6 months, 1-4, 6, 8, and 10 years after surgery. Analyses were conducted with linear mixed-model. Results Dietary changes were observed in 1561, 1298, and 1243 participants, at the 2-, 6-, and 10-year follow-ups, respectively. Sex and treatment type predicted changes in energy, carbohydrate, protein, and fiber intake over the follow-up (P Copyright © 2017 American Society for Bariatric Surgery