Antiperspirants and deodorants

Abstract

This chapter deals with the technologies for wetness and odor protection of the human axilla, how they are applied, and potential adverse effects of use of the products on a regular basis. Antiperspirants and deodorants have been used for centuries, evolving from simple fragrances that masked offensive odors to complex ingredients based on aluminum and zirconium chemistries that act to slow or diminish sweat production, or botanical extracts with antimicrobial activity. In the Food and Drug Administration Final regulatory Antiperspirant Monograph, through the Food Drug and Cosmetic Act, defines antiperspirants as an over-the counter drug when applied topically to reduce production of underarm sweat. The consumer typically confuses what antiperspirants and deodorants do, mostly caused by a misunderstanding of marketing claims and product positioning. Health concerns regarding antiperspirants have been discussed in the literature over the last 40-50 years and mostly relate to breast cancer or Alzheimer disease.