Differentiating Among Stress, Acute Stress Disorder, Crisis Episodes, Trauma, and PTSD: Paradigm and Treatment Goals

Abstract

(from the chapter) Why focus on the distinguishing components among stressors, acute stress disorders, acute crisis episodes, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)? Can clear operational definitions and specific case illustrations clarify the parameters and differences among these four clinical concepts? What types of treatment goals are effective in treating the persons encountering the four events and disorders? What are the components of a diagnostic stress-crisis-trauma-PTSD paradigm? This chapter answers these vital questions. In addition, we thoroughly examine the clinical issues and controversies, diagnostic indicators, and treatment goals necessary for advancing mental health assessment, crisis intervention, and trauma treatment. We aim to enhance theory building, assessment, and practice skills in behavioral health and public health and medical settings. This chapter delineates and presents for discussion a tri modal approach to understanding and addressing stress, crisis, trauma, and PTSD. We define and compare each term, outlining similarities that contribute to confusion among mental health professionals. Case examples will demonstrate methodology to accurately delineate and discuss the degree and severity of the issue facing each individual, applying the solution-focused approach, crisis intervention, and a strengths perspective. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved)