Digestibility of energy and lipids and oxidative stress in nursery pigs fed commercially available lipids

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of lipid source on GE and ether extract (EE) digestibility, oxidative stress, and gut integrity in nursery pigs fed diets containing 10% soybean oil (SO), choice white grease (CWG), palm oil (PO), distillers’ corn oil with approximately 5% FFA (DCO-1), or dis-tillers’ corn oil with approximately 10% FFA (DCO-2). Fifty-four barrows weaned at 28 d of age were fed a common starter diet for 7 d, group fed their respective experimental diets for an additional 7 d, and then moved to metabolism crates and individually fed their respective diets for another 10 d. Following this period, a 4-d total fecal and urine collection period was used to determine apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of GE and EE and to determine the DE and ME content of each lipid source (11.03 ± 0.51 kg final BW). Following the last day of fecal and urine collection, pigs were given an oral dose of lactulose and mannitol and fed their respective experimental diets with urine collected for the following 12 h. A subsequent urine collection occurred for 5 h to determine thiobarbitu-ric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and isoprostane (IsoP) concentrations. Following this urine collection, serum was obtained and analyzed for TBARS and endotoxin concentrations. Soybean oil had the greatest (P < 0.05) DE (9,388 kcal/kg) content compared with DCO-1, DCO-2, CWG, and PO (8,001, 8,052, 8,531, and 8,293 kcal/kg lipid, respectively). Energy digestibility was greatest for SO compared with the other lipid sources (P < 0.05). The ATTD of EE averaged 85.0% and varied slightly (84.4 to 85.6%) among treatments. Differences in ME content among lipids were similar to those reported for DE, with ME values for DCO-1, DCO-2, CWG, PO, and SO being 7,921, 7,955, 8,535, 8,350, and 9,408 kcal/kg lipid, respectively. Metabolizable energy as a percentage of DE did not differ among lipid sources. Pigs fed lipid diets had greater (P < 0.05) serum TBARS compared with pigs fed the control diet, but no differences were observed in urinary TBARS excretion among the lipid treatments. Urinary IsoP excretion differed among treatments (P < 0.01) but was highly variable (34.0 to 104.6 pg). However, no differences were observed among treatments for the urinary lactulose:mannitol ratio and serum endotoxin. These results indicate that DE and ME content of SO are greater than that of other lipid sources evaluated, but feeding these lipids has no effect on gut integrity while producing variable effects on oxidative stress.