An electrochemical impedance spectroscopy study of new lithiated manganese oxides for 3 V application in rechargeable Li-batteries

Abstract

The main electrochemical properties of 3 V manganese oxides Li0.45MnO2.1 and Li0.45Mn0.85Co0.15O2.3 synthesized via a solution technique are reported. These materials are characterized by an attractive cycle life with a stable specific capacity in the voltage range 4.2-2 V between 165 and 195 mAh g-1 depending the C rate and the compound. Impedance spectroscopy is used to evaluate the chemical diffusion coefficient of lithium in both cathodic materials. DLi is found to be twofold higher in the Co-doped compound and little affected by Li concentration in the composition range 0.45 < x < 0.85. Analysis of impedance diagrams supports the existence of a passivating layer (Li+-ion conducting layer) onto the electrode when propylene carbonate is used as solvent or cosolvent. The presence of cobalt promotes the formation of this surface layer. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.