Etnocentrismo, xenofobia y migraciones internacionales en una perspectiva comparada

Abstract

Through a comparative analysis of 15 developed and developing countries, and using public opinion surveys, several relational hypotheses between ethnocentrism and xenophobia are contrasted. The results establish ethnocentrism as an element common to the analyzed societies, in such manner that the nuclei of ethnocentric views are found both in the sending countries of emigration and in the host societies. It also denotes the close relationship between ethnocentrism and xenophobia and which in societies with greater multiculturalism of immigrant origin, the xenophobic attitudes of ethnocentric source are more probable. The findings suggest that this sort of xenophobia, though contextually activated (multicultural immigration experience) is emotionally rooted on ethnocentric prejudice, regardless of possible negative experiences with immigrants.