In rats we examined the effects of some common excipients on the intestinal absorption of ganciclovir (GCV), a BCS-III drug and substrate of P-gp, by assessing its in vitro transfer from mucosa to serosa and in situ transepithelial permeation. In vitro, all selected excipients (concentration range 0.1-1% [w/v]) could increase the transport amount of GCV in the everted gut sac model. Whereas enhancement by F-68 demonstrated regional differences like verapamil, PEG-400, Tween-80 and EL-35 exhibited no regional differences. In situ studies were performed by an improved perfusion model, single-pass perfusion with whole small intestine, to determine more accurately the permeability of lipophobic compounds. The permeability of GCV was significantly increased by all excipients. The effects of EL-35 and F-68 were dose-dependent but those of PEG-400 and Tween-80 were not. The results suggest that enhancements of intestinal absorption of GCV by these excipients are probably due to inhibition of P-gp-mediated drug efflux. It could be deduced from their different properties that both blocking binding sites of P-gp and altering membrane fluidity were involved in their P-gp-inhibition. The former mechanism might be involved for F-68, while the latter one might account for the effects of PEG-400, Tween-80 and EL-35. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
CITATION STYLE
Li, M., Si, L., Pan, H., Rabba, A. K., Yan, F., Qiu, J., & Li, G. (2011). Excipients enhance intestinal absorption of ganciclovir by P-gp inhibition: Assessed in vitro by everted gut sac and in situ by improved intestinal perfusion. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 403(1–2), 37–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.10.017
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