Influencia de la rotura prematura de membranas en algunos resultados perinatales. Hospital General Docente "Dr. Agostinho Neto"

Abstract

Premature rupture of membrane (PROM) is associated with some unfavorable obstetric and perinatal events. That's why, the aim of this paper was to determine the influence of PROM on some perinatal parameters. To this end, a retrospective and analytical case-control study was conducted at "Dr. Agostinho Neto" General Teaching Hospital, in Guantánamo, from January 2005 to December 2006. 952 pregnant women with PROM and the same number of expectants without it were selected at random. Variables such as birthweight, Apgar score at 5 minutes, delivery route, maternal and neonatal morbidity, and fetal and neonatal mortality, were determined. It was proved that pregnant women with PROM had 18 % of low birth weight vs. 12.7 % among those without it, Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.50 (95 % CI= 1.16 - 1.95); low Apgar was observed in 84 % of the first group in relation to the total of the depressed, whereas it was just 16.2 % in the second group OR = 5.32 (95 % CI = 1.93 - 15.83); endometritis was the most common maternal complication, with 36.2 % of the total of complications in patients with PROM, and 9.5 % in those with no PROM, OR = 8.64 (95 %, CI 1.92 - 54.22). Neonatal sepsis, the respiratory distress syndrome and perinatal hypoxia were the most frequent neonatal complications, OR = 1.66 (95 % 1.17- 2.36), 8.88 (95 % 2.56 - 36.92) y 5.06 (95 % 1.38 - 22.05), respectively. Fetal deaths presented an OR = 1.71 (95 % 0.82 - 3.61), whereas neonatal deaths had an OR = 2.00 (95 % 0.14 - 55.8), on comparing the two study groups.