Multipurpose tree species in rice-based farming systems in Chitwan, Nepal: a gender analysis approach

Abstract

Gender analysis has been identified as a useful tool in the diagnostic phase of farming systems research. The tool was used for identifying the gender (men and women) roles in terms of labour contribution in household, farm and animal production, and fuelwood and fodder collection in two distinct communities (indigenous Tharus and non-indigenous Brahmins and Chhetries) of Chitwan, Nepal where integrated rice-based farming systems are practiced. Results showed that women participated equally or sometimes even more than men in different rice farming and livestock production activities. Women were exclusively involved in fuelwood and fodder collection from the nearby forest. Brahmin and Chhetry farmers were raising large animals such as cattle and buffaloes, whereas the indigenous Tharu farmers were raising small animals such as goats. Because of such differences in the preferences of animals, women of the two communities chose different multipurpose tree species for on-farm testing in the project. Children's contribution was also noteworthy in both communities. Results suggest that gender analysis can be an appropriate tool in identifying gender roles and technology options for rice farming systems where agriculture, livestock and forestry are integrated and interrelated components of the systems.