Ozone-depleting substances, phase-out program and alternatives

Abstract

This study investigates the ozone depleting substances, especially refrigerants, and introduces the related Conventions, Protocols and Amendments. It includes the date and meeting when each Amendment and/or Adjustment was agreed, and the date when each Amendment and/or Adjustment came into force. Furthermore, for developing and developed countries, an evolution table for each group of the controlled substances that are indicated in the Annexes of the Montreal Protocol are also provided. The phase out programs and possible alternatives to ozone depleting refrigerants are also presented in tabular form. © 2004 Elsevier Science Ltd.